Electric circuit and component



CCL 7, 1952 J, D HElBEL i 2,613,252

ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT Filed Sept. 23, 1947 9 Sheets-Sheet l Enventcr BE CIMM Q MM y #aww-w Oct. 7, 1952 .,e. D. HEIBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 23, 1947 du 4c i:

Snnentot Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HEIBEL 2,513,252

ELECTRIC CIRUIT AND COMPONENT Filed Sept. 25, 1947 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 En 9 1921K/ Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HEIBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Sept. 23, 1947 f Il, fir/1 nventor Gttomeg Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HEIBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 25, 1947 lnlbinl' I I l Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HEIBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Sept. 25, 1947 Srwentor @ji Sv KV Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HElBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Sept. 25, 1947 @NCQ Oct. 7, 1952 J. D. HEIBEL ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT 9 shawls-sheet e Filed Sept. 23, 1947 GNS@ nventor (Ittorneg 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 'C @3f n. n Q .ci n Q n n fix lNvr-:NTOR

(W UW l ATTORNEY J. D. HEIBEL ELCTRIC CIRCUIT AND COMPONENT Oct, 7, 1 952 F11-ed sept. 23, 194'? Patented Oct. 7, 1952 n ELECTRIC CIRCUIT AND `COMPONENT JeromeD. Heibel, Erie, Pa., assigner 'to Erie Resistor Corporation, Erie, Pa., a corporation lof Pennsylvania Application September 23, 1947, Serial No. 775,649

This invention is intended to simplify vthe manufacture of electric circuits and components'. In one form circuitelements are assembled on a metal grid having portions forming the terminals .and circuit interconnections; and homogeneous plastic is then molded around the assembly. `In another form Ithe elements are sandwiched between sheets of plastic `or ,plastic impregnated insulating material. The circuit interconnectionsmay be made ,by a metal grid contacting the elements. Upon molding under pressure to `consolidate the sheets, the elements are rmly lo- .cated land `held in pressure contact with the grid. The metal grid and the insulating material may be in .strip form. The metal grid may be a .coating applied to the insulating material. The versatility may be increased b y including extra circuit interconnections in the :grid .and eliminating the unwanted interconnections either before or after molding.

Complete circuits, sub-assemblies such as resistor-condenser networks. or 'components such astube sockets may be made. Com-mon advantages are the elimination of soldered connections and adaptability .to automatic or -seinautomatic assembly. Further objects and advantages appeariin the @specification and claims.

InL the drawings, Fig. `1 isa diagrammatic plan niew ofxa vfr network in which the circuit elements and' circuit interconnections are molded in plastic.; `Fig? a line diagram and Fig. .3 is the conventional @electric circuit .diagram for the .Fig -1 network; Fig. 4 is a line ldiagram and .F.ig. 5 is a. conventional 'electric circuit Adiagram of ka T network; Fig. 6 is .a line diagramangd Fig. U isa conventional. electric circuit :diagram ,ci an .ampliiier` coupling :network: .Fig .:.8 is a perspective of the Fig. .-1 network; Fig. i9 risa diagramma-.tic plan view ci av modication nenni-tung :a greater variety ,ci l:circuit interconnections.; ;9.a isa fragmentary perspective. .of one .of the .knnckout holes for breaking'an unwanted connection after mold-ing; Fig. 1'0 is a perspectiwewview nf a blank of insulating .material for :a tube socket.; Fig. l1 isla section through the tube socket; Fig.. l2 :isa planyiew oiamesh forming :the socketsterminal Din .contacts :and circuitdnterconnections; Fig. isasection'through a sooketnaving a modifica- .tion of the pin contact construction; Fig. 1.4 y.a planview `ofthe socket; Fig. isa fragmentary perspective of the apinncontactconstruction used in the Fig. .lisocket;.Figs.,16fand 17 show :another modicationof the'pinqcontact .'construction; Figlluis a plan view :.ofasocketadapted to :manufacture infstripsxcontaining azplurality oisockets';

18 Claims. (Cl. 175-298) Fig. 18 is a top view of another laminated tube socket; Fig. 1.9 is afragmentary section through one of the pin contacts.; Fig. 20 is a fragmentary section through the mold; Fig. 21 is a perspective .of one of the socket terminals; Fig. 22 is an expjloded View showing the assembly; Fig. 23 is a Afragmentary section through a pin contact having anv integral terminal; Fig. 24 is a circuit diagram of va typical radio receiving set; Fig. 25 is a diagram of the Fig. 24 set with the parts rearranged so the chassis may kbe conveniently molded; Fig. 264 is a phantom viewof the molded chassis; Fig. 27 is a phantom perspective of one .of the plug in coils for the chassis; Fig. 28 isa phantom perspective of the plug in condensers for the chassis; Fig. 29 is a plan View partly broken away of the molded chassis; Fig. 30 is a section through one .of the resistors or condensers molded inthe chassis; Fig. 30a is a View similar to Fig. 30 of a modiiication; Fig. 31 is a fragmentary view illustrating a terminal connection; Fig. 32 is a side elevation showing continuous ,strip manufactureof the Fig. 1-9 circuit elements; Fig. .33 is .a `fragmentary view showing an arrangement vfor dispensing with clips for the circuit elements; and Fig. 34 is .a fragmentary plan view, partly broken away, of a construction in which .the terminals and `circuit interconnections are applied to the outer .surface .of ythe insulating material.

Figs. 1 through 8 show various forms of a .circuit `component consisting of networks of resistors and condensers having wide application, for example, in radio circuits. .Eachof these networks utilize a metal mesh I, which is generally inthe form of a sheet and may be a stamping, to pro- .V-ide the network terminals, the contacts for the .Circuit elements (the resistor land condensers) and the circuit interconnections. The same mesh xis usable in each network by eliminating the unwanted terminals and circuit interconnections. Each network is embedded in a body 2 of free flowing homogeneous molded plastic which seals and holds the parts in fixed relation. The plastic also prevents disturbance of the contact to .the condensers and resistors. No soldered connections are necessary in the portion of the network embedded in the plastic. f I

The metal mesh has at one end a continuous bus 3 having portions of its length labeled 3a.*3b,

3c., 3d. From the outer side of the bus lextend terminals 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, and yfrom the inner side of the bus extend leads 5a, 512,51; 5m l5e, termmaung in cups sa, ab, ser, se, se. At member end `,of the mesh' is a Icontinuous bus l parallel to .the aus s and .having portions of. `its' length labeled 1a, 1b, 1c, Td. From the outer side of the bus 'l extend terminals 8a, 8b, 8c, 3d, 8c, and from the inner side of the bus extend leads 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, terminating in clips lila, lDb, llc, Hld, Ie. The correspondingly lettered terminals, leads, clips and bus sections are directly opposite each other. Additional circuit interconnections are provided by bridging or crossover connections lla, Hb, extending from the inner ends of leads 9b, 9d, to the inner end of lead 5c.

The mesh described contains more terminals and circuit interconnections than necessary for any particular network. The unwanted terminals and circuit interconnections may be eliminated either before or after molding. If the mesh is blanked from sheet metal the excess or unwanted parts may be eliminated by changing punches in the blanking die. v y

In the manufacture, the terminals a-c and Bal-e are clamped in a holder, condensers and resistors I2a--e are inserted in the clips Bae, Ilia-2, the holder is inserted in a mold, andthe plastic 2 set under pressure around the assembly. YThe plastic prevents movement of the clips (ia-e, Ella-e, away from the ends of the resistors and condensers I2ac, making a permanent connection. As shown in Fig. l, leads 9b, 9d, and bus sections 3b, 3c, are severed prior to molding because'these connections are not needed for the particular network. The gripping of the terminals da-e, SrL-e, prevents objectionable floating of the resistors and condensers during molding. The location of the resistors and condensers' is further aided by using an upper mold producing the scalloped or ribbed upper surface i3a-e shown in Fig. 8. This mold configuration tends to center each of the resistors and condensers I2a--e in the correspondingly lettered rib i3d-le. After molding, the unwantedV terminals '4b-d, 8b-e, are broken off.

The network shown in Fig. 1 is a network. Fig. 2 is a line diagram. Fig. 3 shows the conventional electric circuit diagram. The external appearance is shown in Fig. 8. It will be noted that in this network, the terminals 4b, 4c, 4d, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8c, are broken off, and that leads 9b, 9d, and bus sections 3b, 3c, are broken.

Fig. 4 is a line diagram and Fig. 5 is a conventional electric circuit diagram of a network. In

this network the terminals 4b, 4d, Sa, 8b, Sc, 8d,

8e, are broken off and the bus sections 3a, 3d, 1c, lead 5c and cross-over connection l l a severed.

Fig. 6 is a line diagram and Fig. '7 is a conventional electric circuit diagram of an amplifier coupling network. In this network the terminals 4b, 4d, 8b, 8c, 8d, are broken off and the bus sections 3b, 3c, 1a, lead 9d, and cross-over connection Ha severed.

Figs. 1-8 sufliciently illustrate the Variety of networks which can be made with the same com- Fig. 9 shows a modification which is basically the mesh l with the cross-over connections Hc, Hb, eliminated and cross-over connections Ma, Mb, Mc, 14d, substituted. Each of the'cross-over connections Ilia-ci are connected to the inner ends of leads .5a-e, through correspondingly lettered secondary bus sections Ilia-d and to the inner ends of leadsA Sa-e through correspondingly lettered secondary bus sections ld-d. The shape of the mesh 9 between any pair of adjacent terminals is the same. This simplies the fabrication from sheet metal in that the mesh can be blanked by a single die in four punches.

As in the Figs. 1-8 construction, the terminals 4a-e and Sa-e are clamped in a holder, the resistors and condensers {2a-e placed in the clips lia-e, Illa-e, the holder inserted in a mold, and the body 2 of plastic set under pressure around the assembly.

Instead of breaking the unwanted circuit interconnections before molding, the mold is provided with opposed pins molding holes I1 opposite each place at which it may be desirable to break one of the circuit interconnections. The detail of one of the holes il is shown in Fig. 9a. After the molding operation is completed the unwanted connections are punched out through the hole. Breaking the connections after molding simplifies the molding in that the entire mesh forms a rigid structure holding the resistors and condensers in place. The holes I1 can be used with the Figs. 1-8 construction instead of physically breaking the unwanted interconnections before molding.

All of the constructions so far described eliminate a large number of soldered connections and are adapted to automatic or semi-automatic assembly. The condensers and resistors I2af-e can be automatically fed and inserted in lthe clips.

In Figs. 10-17 is shown a tube socket having a metal mesh I8 provided with terminals 19a-h, pin contact sections 20a-h, and a ring bus 2| connected to the pin contacts by leads 22a-11.

The mesh I8 is sandwiched between two sheets 23 of uncured or semi-cured plastic impregnated insulating Ymaterial having pin receiving openings 24a-h registering with the pin contact sections 20a-h, a central opening 25 within the ring bus 2l, openings 26a-h registering with the leads 22ah and openings 21 registering with the ring bus 2l between each of the leads. The assembly is thenmolded under heat and pressure, consolidating the sheets 23.

After molding, the pin terminals and contacts are firmly embedded in insulating material eliminating the possibility of leakage paths between the sheets.

The socket shown in Fig. 17a, while functionally the same as the Figs. 10-17 sockets, is better adapted to molding in long or continuous strips because the mesh I8 is made in strip form, adjacent sections being connected by sections Bia which are sheared midway` between their ends after assembly. The terminals I9a-d extend from one side of the strip andthe terminals (.Se--h extend from the other side of the strip. This rearrangement of the terminals permits closer spacing of the sockets in the strip.

The feature of making the mesh in strip form of identical or similarfmesh sections connected by connecting sections to be sheared after assembly can be applied to other circuits and circuit components. For example, in the Figi-9 networks, the connecting sections 31a could extend from the bus sections 3 and 1.v

The laminated construction of the insulating material is susceptible of considerable variation. The outer sheets may be hard cured plastic impregnated sheet material adhesively joined by plastic flowing from the sheet material during molding by an intermediate plastic impregnated sheet, or by a plastic coating applied to the mating surfaces of the outer sheets. One or both of the sheets may be felt-like so as to be flowable under the molding pressure. Flowability is advantageous when the laminated construction isappliedto networks such as illustratedin Figs. 1-9a where the plastic should flow around the resistors and condensers during the molding.

- The ring bus permits one or more interconnections between any two pin contacts, thereby eliminating many external soldered connections. The unwanted connections are either eliminated before molding or punched out after molding through the openings 26ah and 21. The number of rinterconnections through the ring bus depends upon the contacts to be connected. One such interconnection is always possible-two usually possiblemore sometimes possible. The

ring bus facilitates assemblyby tying the terminals together so the mesh can be more easily assembled between the sheets 23.

A variety of pin contact constructions are available. As shown in Fig. 13, separate pin contacts 28 may be dropped through holes in the contact sections 20a-h. Thesecontacts have ilanges 29 overlying the contact sections which after molding are held in rm pressure contact. In Fig. 15 a pin engaging linger or tab 30 is struck out of the contact section. In Fig. 16 a triangular punch presses the contact section forming three pin contact ngers 3|.

In Figs. 18-23 is shown another tube socket in which the pin contacts are anchored in consolidated sheets of plastic impregnated insulating material. As indicated in Fig. 22, a lower sheet 32 of plastic impregnated insulating material has pin receiving openings 33 into which are dropped terminals 34 and pin contacts-35. The terminals 34 and the pin contacts 35 have iianges 36 and 31 projecting outside the openings 33. The terminals and contacts may be combined as indicated at 38 in Fig. 23. In either case, the contacts and terminals are adapted to automatic assembly into. the sheet 32. The sheet 32 with the assembled pin contacts and terminals and a registering sheet 39 are placed in a mold 48, 4| and cured under heat and pressure, as shown in Fig. 20. The pin contacts may be centered in the openings 33 by sleeves 42 in the mold part 40, pins 43 in the mating mold part 4| or both. The pins and sleeves prevent the squeezing of a flash of plastic impregnant into the openings 33 during molding although the llash is usually not large enough to be obvjectionable.

` After molding, the pin contacts 35 or 38 are in effect inserts securely held in the plastic by the embedded flanges. Also the flanges 3B and 37T are firmly held in pressure contact. Because the sheets are consolidated intermediate the pin contacts there are no leakage paths between the sheets.

No attempt has been made to illustrate all of the sockets to which the laminated construction of Figs. -23 is applicable or to illustrate other metal parts such as the center locking ferrule which may be assembled in the same manner as the pin contacts.

In Figs. 24-29 is shown a complete radio chassi inwhich the sockets, resistors, and condensers, and the circuit interconnections are a single molded unit.

Fig. 24 is a circuit diagram for a, typical 5 tube radio set in which 44 indicates the antenna, 45 the gang tuning condenser, 48 the loud speaker, 41 the cord set, 48 the power switch, 48a the volume control, and 49 the pilot light. These arev parts external to the chassis which cornprises tubes 50, 5I, 52, 53, 54, coils 55, 56, 51, power supply filter condensers 58, and various resistors and condensers 59-16 inclusive.

Fig. 25 is as Fig. 24 redrawn to correspond with the physical arrangement of Fig. 26 whi'chshows a complete chassis using a general purpose mesh '|1,`the unused portions of which are shown in light line. The mesh 11 (as shown in the fragmentary View Fig. 29) is laid on one face of a sheet 18 of plastic impregnated insulating material and an overlying sheet 19 havingopen-v ings 80 receiving the condensers andresistors is placed on top of the sheet 1B. The condensers and resistors are then dropped in the openings and a covering sheet 8|r placed on the assembly. After molding, the sheets 11, 18 and 8| are consolidated. As in the previously describedfconstructions the mesh is yheld in the plastic and a pres/sure contact established Withthe ends `of the condensers and resistors and the intercom necting or bus sections of the mesh. The top vsheet 8| is preferably felt-like so that under molding pressure it can now around and lrelieve the crushing pressure on the resistors and condensers. The possibility of flow under molding pressure is not essential for the bottom sheet 18 and the intermediate sheet 19.

The mesh 11, instead of being a sheet metal stamping, may be a metallic or metallized coating applied to the bottom sheet 18, in which case it would `probably be `preferable to apply only the wanted portions of the mesh. Y i

Another arrangement for relieving the 'crushing pressure on the resistors and condensers during molding is shown in Fig. 30a where a sheet 19a underlies the mesh 11 and has openings 88aA registering with the openings 89. Underernolding pressure, the portions of the mesh --11 in 'con-4 tact with the resistors and condensers bow downward into the openings 88a and relieve the crushing pressure on the resistors and condensersvwhile still maintaining ample contact pressure. In the Fig. 30a arrangement it is not necessary that any of the sheets18, 19, 19a, 8|*be felt-like. Y

The tube sockets formed in the same manner as the socket shown in Figs. 10-1'7 are used for the tubes and also to plug in coils and condensers 55, 5E, 51, 58. The pin receiving openings in the tube sockets which register with similar openings in the sheets 18, 19 and 8| can cooperate with lo eating pins in the mold similar to those illustrated at 43 in Fig. 20 so as to maintain the desired register during molding. As in the Figs. 10-17 socket, there is an inner ring bus, sections of which may be used for cross-over connectionsL between the pin contacts. The s'ectionsused for such cross-over connections are shown in heavy lines and indicated by the reference numerals` 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 81, 88, 89, 98, 9|, 92, 93,94.

Other cross-over connections may beprovided between the terminals of the plug in coil and condensers 55, 56, 51, 58. In the particular circuit illustrated it was found convenient to providea cross-over connection in the plug in coil 56 and a cross-over connection 86 in the plug in condensers 58. l s

Fig. 27 is a perspective of the coil 58. The coil is mounted in a case 91 carried on a base 98 having pin contacts 99. The cross-over connection 95 is connected between two ofthe pin contacts. Fig. 28 is a perspective viewof the -plug in condensers 58 which are likewise mounted in a case |08 carried on a base |9| having pin contacts |02. The cross-'over connection 9G is arranged between two of the pin contacts.

There are a variety of expediente for connecting the external components 44-491t0 thel chassis. Fig. 31 is a fragmentary perspective of the pressure connection of a terminal IIN! toa bus section |04. The terminal wire is merely laid on the bus section |04 and is molded in pressure contact with the bus section between adhesively joined sheets I andl |0501 insulating material. The molding pressure is relied upon to establish the contact. The flow of insulating material around the lead maintains the contact at the completion of the molding operation. This expedient is adapted to making connections to bus sections on the outer part of a mesh. It is not only applicable to the radio chassis shown in Fig. 26 but also to the socket shown in Figs. 10-17 and the network shown in Figs. 1 9. Another expedient for making connections to the mesh is shown in Fig. 19. A contact such as the contact 35 may be dropped through an opening in a bus section or may be located beside a bussection so that its flange 31 overlaps the bus section.`

Upon consolidation of the sheets of insulating material during molding, a permanentpressure connection is established between the fian'gev 3l and the underlying bus section. This results in the creation of a plug in contact for making connection with an external element.

The molded radio chassis is preferably supported on a metal framework diagrammatically indicated at |06. In order to establish a stable ground potential for the radio chassis this metal framework is connectedrto the portion of the mesh serving as the ground circuit through a resistor |61 and a condenser |08 which are molded into the chassis.

Fig. 32 is a side View diagrammatically illustrating the continuous molding of the networks shown in Figs. 1-9. The molds for forming the individual networks comprise upper and lower hinged sections |09, IIil, each hinged section being of a length to mold one network. This is one form of a continuous chain or belt arrangement of the molds. The mesh is fed in the form of a continuous strip HI between a lower semi-rigid strip |I2 of plastic impregnated insulating material and an upper felt-like strip I I3 of plastic impregnated insulating material. They resistors and condensers II4 are suitably located on the mesh. The mold sections |09 and I0 are passed between heated pressure rolls I|5 which press the mold sections together causing a flowing of the material of the strip ||3 around the condensers and resistors ||4 and also establishing pressure Contact between the resistors and condensers and the mesh.

In Fig. 33 is diagrammatically shown an arrangement for locating resistors or condensers with respect to a bus section during the molding operation and thereby to dispense with the need for clips. In this view, ||6 illustrates a bus section to which a resistor or condenser I'I is to be connected. Prior to molding the resistor or condenser is positioned over the bus section by a retractable finger I8 carried in an end section I I9 of the mold. As the upper and lower mold sections are squeezed together the pressure exerted by the molded material on the resistor or condenser both establishes the pressure contact and holds the resistor or condenser in the desired location relative to the bus section. The amount of the locating and contact establishing pressure.

is substantially less than the full molding pressure. As soon as this locating or contact establishing pressure is reached the finger IIB is retracted and the molded material flows to fill the space formerly occupied by the finger.

In Fig. 34 is shown a modification of the laminated construction with the terminals and circuit interconnections applied asv metallic or metalized coatings. In this modification vrthere is a bottom strip |26 and a top strip |2| of plasticl impregnated insulating material consolidated or molded to a unitary strip. Ob` viouslyl the strip may be of homogeneous rather than laminated construction. In the top strip I2| are openings |22 receiving resistors Vand condensers |273. The depth of the openings. (or recesses) is substantially the diameter of the resistors and condensers. In the manufacture, the strips |26, |2I are consolidated (or are equivalent unitary strip manufactured) the resistors and condensers |23 are dropped into the openings |22, and the desired terminals |24 and circuit interconnections |25 are sprayed or otherwise applied to the upper surface of the strip I2I. The conducting coating at |26 fills in the space between the ends of the resistors and condensers and thevopenings or recesses |22 both making contact with the resistors ,and condensers and adhesively securing the resistors and condensers in the openings. In connection with Fig. 29 therehas been described a construction in which the terminals and circuit interconnections were applied to a sheet equivalent to the sheet |20 and did not have the added function of holding the resistors and condensers in place.

What I claim as new is:

1 In an electric circuit, a general purpose mesh for assembly of previously manufactured leadless circuit elements each having a body with terminal surfaces at the ends of the body, said mesh having a.V bus, terminals extending from one side of the bus, leads extending from theA other side of the bus to a second bus, means including contacts on the second bus for receiving and holding in electric connecting relation the terminal surfaces of the leadless circuit elements, and cross-over4 connections to the second bus intermediate the contacts. V

2. A radio chassis comprising a metal mesh having a plurality of sets of socket contacts for receivinzg the pins of plug-in btases carrying tubes and other electric circuit components, an arcuate bus section radially within and providing a cross-over connection between at least two contacts of one set of socket contacts, and bus sections radically outside of the .-sets of socket contacts interconnecting the contacts of different sets ofsocket contacts, and sheets of insulating material on opposite faces of the mesh adhesively joined under pressure and having pin openings registering with the socket contacts.

3. A radio chassis comprising a metal mesh having a plurality of sets of socket contacts for receiving the pins of plug-in bases carrying tubes and other electric circuit components, an arcuate bus section radially within and providing a cross-over connection between at least two contacts of one `set of socket contacts, and bus sections radially outside of the sets of socket contacts interconnecting the contacts of different sets of socket contacts, unitary previously manufactured leadless circuit elements having terminalsurfaces loosely engaging the bus sections, structure-for holding the terminal surfaces of the lcircuit elements in temporary engagement with the bus sections, and sheets of insulating material on opposite faces of the mesh adhesively joined underpressure and holding the terminal surfaces circuit elements in asi este engagement 'with the'bus sections,v and" pinrei cavingv openings. .inf the sheets registering' with the' socket contacts. j l

4; lIn an electric circuit,` al member of 'insulating' material having in `one surface recesses loosely receiving leadless circuit elements; each comprising' a body having' atits ends terminal surfaces for'making electricalk connection t'o thel element', said terminal surfaces being' located in said recesses, and an adherenty conducting coating applied to said one surface of thevmember of insulating' material and between the terminal surfaces of the circuit elements .and the' recesses providing' circuit interconnections between the elements and securing theiel'e'ments in the recesses.A

5l In an electric circuit containing a plurality of unitary independently manufactured circuit elements such as resistors and condensersrand circuit interconnections between the elements.` ametal mesh generally lin the form ofA a sheet and containing terminals for' external connection ofi the circuit, clips for receiving the terminals of unitary independent circuit elements and circuit interconnections betweenthe mesh terminals and clips, the-circuit interconnections including those necessary for a plurality of different circuits whereby some of the interconnections are unwantedfor any particular circuit,

separately manufactured circuit impedance elements having-.terminals making frictional electric contact with the clips,l flowable plastic molded around and embedding the mesh and elements andthe frictional contacts between theelement terminals and clips, and means providing access for severing unwanted circuit interconnections.

6l In an electric circuit containing a plurality of4 unitary independently manufactured circuit elements such as resistors and condensers and circuit interconnections between the elements, a metal mesh generally in the form of a sheet andv containing terminals for external connection of the circuit, clips for receiving the terminals of unitary independent` circuit elements and vcircuit interconnections between the mesh terminals and clips, the circuit interconnections being such that the mesh can be handled as a unit with the various parts held in proper relation, some of the interconnections being unwanted in the nal circuit but desirable to hold the mesh together for handling, separately manufactured circuit impedance elements having terminals making frictional electric contact with the clips, and

owable plastic molded around and embedding the mesh and elements and the frictional contacts between the element terminals and clips.

7. In an electric circuit containing a plurality of unitary independently manufactured circuit elements such as resistors and condensers and circuit interconnections between the elements, a metal mesh generally in the form of a sheet and containing terminals for external connection of the circuit, clips for receiving the terminals oi unitary independent circuit elements and circuitinterconnections between the mesh terminals and clips, separately manufactured cir cuit impedance elements having terminals making frictional electric contact with the clips, and owable plastic molded around and embedding the mesh and elements and the frictional contacts between the element terminals and clips.

8. In an electric circuit, a metal mesh containing terminals for external connection to the circuit, contacts for engaging the terminal surfaces of unitary leadless circuit elements such as re- 1-0 sistors and condensers in the form ofbodieswi-th terminal surfaces at the ends of the bodiesand circuit interconnections between'the 'terminals and contacts,lithe metalA mesh being general-ly finf the form of a. sheet, the circuit interconnectionss including' those necessary for a plurality off dif-- ferent circuits whereby some of the interconnections are unwanted for any particular? circuit; and means for severing unwanted. circui inter-4 connections, independent f leadless Acircuit ele-j ments having. bodies with terminar surfaces at' the ends thereofVin frictional engagement with" the contacts, means 'cooperating with the' circuit elements to hold the" terminal surfaces intefm`= f ends of the bodies and a variety' of circuit inter-j connections between the terminals and contac si; independent leadless circuit elements having bodies with terminal surfaces at the ends thereof in frictional engagement with' 'the' contacts, means cooperating with they c uit elementst'ohold the terminal surfaces temporary" eri-'` gagement with'- the 'contacts', flowable" plastici consolidatedaround and' in contact with the mesh' and circuit elements and the frictioncontacts between the element' terminals and mesh con#-` tacts" to make the connections permanent, and" openings molded ini the plastic providing access to unwanted circuit interooni'iections'.`

l0. In an' electric circuit, a mesh containing 'a plurality of unitary independently manufactured leadless circuitelements such asfr'esi'storsand condenser's in` the form o1 bodies with'terminal surfaces at the ends of the bodies',-contactls for engaging the terminal surfaces, and circuit inf-' terconnections between the contacts) a temporary electrical connection between one' of the` terininaly surfaces of the elements and onel of the contacts comprising parts of the terminal surface and' of the engaging contact positioned to engage under light pressure and means co' operating with the one element to maintain the temporary connection, and freely nowable plastic molded around the connection and forced' against the parts under heavy pressure in the Vdirection to hold the parts in contact whereby 'the' plastic holds the parts connected. l

ll. In an' electric circuit' elements containing a plurality of unitary independentlymanufactured circuit elements such as resistors and' condensers` and circuit interconnections between'tliie' ele'- ments, anl electrical connection` between one :of the terminals of the elements and one of the circuit interconnections comprising a clip on the circuit interconnection frictionally receiving the element terminal, and freely flowable plastic molded around the connection and forced against the clip in the direction to force and hold the clip against the element terminal.

l2. A tube socket having a set of pin receiving openings arranged generally in a circle to receive the prongs of a plug-in base carrying a clevice such as a tube or the like, pin contacts in said openings, a bus radially inward of 4the pin openings, and leads extending from two of the pin contactstoV the bus to provide a -cross-over connection therebetween.

13'.In an electric circuit, a general purpose mesh having a pair of laterallyspaced busses with leads extending outward from each bus away from/the other and with terminals extending from eachbus toward the other, theiterminals from each bus terminating at-one of a second pair of busses laterally spaced a lesser distance than the first pair, contacts on the second pair of busses for terminals of previously manufactured circuit elements bridging the space between the busses of the second pair, and cross-over connections bridging the busses of the second pair intermediate the contacts.

14. A tube socket or the like comprising a metal mesh having a circular series of pin contacts arranged to receive the prongs of a plug-in tube base or the like, leads extending radially inward fromthe contacts to an arcuate bus, lthe mesh with its pin contacts and circuit interconnection tothe bus being generally in the form of a sheet which can be molded as a unit, plastic sheets sandwichingthe mesh therebetween and having openings therein through which the bus is accessible to a severing tool at points at which interconnection of the contacts is not desired, and atleast two of the contacts being connected to the bus by unsevered leads.

15. A tube socket or the like comprising a metal mesh having a circular series of pin contacts a1'- ranged to receive the prongs of a plug-in tube base or the like, leadsiextending outward from the contacts to make external connections theret, other leads extending inward from the contacts to an arcuate bus radially within the circularseries of pin contacts, the mesh with its pin terminals and circuit interconnections being generally inA the vform of a sheet which can be moldedv as a unit, plastic sheets sandwiching the mesh therebetween having openings therein through which the bus is accessible to a sever-l ing tool at points at which interconnection of the terminals is not desired, and at least two of the terminals being connected by unsevered leads to an unsevered section of the bus.

16. In an electric circuit, a metal mesh providing circuit interconnections between connections to circuit elements including a circular series of contacts forming a socket for receiving the plug-in prongs of a base carrying a device such as a tube or the like, part of the prongs being connected to parts of the device and part of the prongs being idle or unconnected to parts of the device, and an arcuate bus consisting of part of the mesh located radially within the series of socket contacts and connected to two of the socket contacts, at least one of which engages an idle prong whereby the arcuate bus can provide a cross-over connection in the plane of the socket contacts.

17. In an electric circuit, a metal mesh having an innerring bus and leads branching radially outwardV from the bus to a generally circular series of pin contacts forming a socket for receiving the pins of a tube base or the like, the mesh with its terminals, leads and bus being generally in the form of a sheet which can be handledk as a unit,y plastic consolidated about the mesh pin receiving openings in the plastic, and openingsr in the plastic providing access to unwanted portions of the bus and leads whereby selected vparts of the bus can be utilized to provide a cross-over connection.

18. A tube socket comprising a body of insulating material apertured to receive the prongs of a tube base or the like, a, circular series of contacts within the body and aligned with the apertures for engagement with the tube base prongs, an arcuate bus within the body and radially inward of the contacts, and leads extending radially inward fromtwo of the contacts to the bus to provide a cross-over connection between the contacts.

' `JEROME D. HEIBEL.

k REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le ci this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Y Date 1,325,363. Lindsay Dec. 16, 1919 1,691,877 Alden Nov. 13, 1928 1,694,927 Rice Dec. 11, 1928 1,718,993 Wermine July 2, 1929 1,794,831 Caruso Mar. 3, 1931 1,892,146 Harshberger. Dec. 27, 1932 1,913,473 Brennecke June 13, 1933 1,938,806 Butler Dec. 12, 1933 1,939,130 Mills Dec. 12, 1933 2,019,625 OBrien Nov. 5, 1935 2,231,529 Dey Feb. 11, 1941 2,246,933 Deeley June 24, 1941 2,259,740 Del Camp Oct. 21, 1941 2,307,561 Bailey Jan. 5, 1943 2,350,887 Goff June 6, 1944 2,372,929 Blessing Apr. 3, 1945 2,378,801 Sidell June 19, 1945 2,414,604 Newcombe Jan. 21, l1947 2,447,541 Sabee Aug. 24, 1948 2,492,174 Noble Dec. 27, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 201,092 Great Britain July 26, 1923 349,706 Great Britain of 1931 570,877 Great Britain of 1945 OTHER REFERENCES The Radio Amateurs Handbook-1945-page 475, published by The American Radio Relay League. 

